Flu season is in full swing, and you’ve probably noticed more people around you sneezing, coughing or calling in sick. If you haven’t gotten your flu shot yet, you might be wondering: Is it too late to get one?
The good news: it’s definitely not too late. Even now, while flu viruses are still circulating, a flu shot can help protect you and your family. And even if it doesn’t completely prevent you from getting sick, it can make symptoms milder, shorten your illness and lower the risk of serious complications.
Here’s a look at some of the most common questions about the flu shot and why it’s still worth getting.
When is the best time to get a flu shot?
The best time to get a flu shot is before flu activity becomes widespread, usually in the early fall. That said, it is not too late to get vaccinated. Flu season often lasts into late winter or early spring and getting the shot later can still provide meaningful protection.
How effective is this year’s flu vaccine?
Because influenza viruses mutate so quickly, no seasonal vaccine is 100% effective. You may have heard that this year’s vaccine is a poor match for the dominant circulating strain of flu. This is true, because a major genetic mutation happened after the vaccine was manufactured. However, that does not mean the vaccine “doesn’t work.” The vaccine still can:
- Reduce how severe your symptoms are
- Shorten how long you are sick
- Lower the risk of complications and hospitalization
In short, the flu shot may not stop every infection, but it can make a real difference in how sick you feel.
Does the flu shot make you sick?
No. The flu shot cannot give you the flu.
Some people have mild side effects after getting the shot. These can include soreness at the injection site, fatigue or a low-grade fever. These symptoms usually go away within a day or two and are a sign that your body is building protection.
Because the flu shot is given during cold and flu season, it is not uncommon to catch a virus within days to weeks after getting it. Some people mistakenly think these symptoms come from the shot.
What should I avoid after getting a flu shot?
Most people can return to normal activities right away. A few simple tips can help you feel your best:
- Avoid very intense workouts for the rest of the day if your arm is sore
- Stay hydrated
- Give yourself time to rest if you feel tired
There is no need to skip work or school unless you do not feel well.
How long does the flu shot last?
The flu shot is designed to protect you for the entire flu season. Protection builds about two weeks after vaccination and lasts for several months. That is why one flu shot is recommended each year.
What if I already had the flu this season?
You may still benefit from getting vaccinated. The flu shot protects against multiple strains, and having one type of flu does not protect you from all of them.
How much does a flu shot cost without insurance?
Flu shot costs can vary by location and provider. Many clinics offer low-cost options, and some community sites provide vaccines at reduced cost or no cost at all.
Where is the closest place to get a flu shot?
Flu shots are available at many locations including primary care offices, urgent care centers, retail pharmacies (like CVS and Walgreens) and community clinics. Finding a location near you is easy and appointments are often available.
Bottom line
With flu activity high, getting a flu shot now can still help protect you and the people around you. Even when effectiveness varies, vaccination can make illness shorter and less severe.
Think your sniffles might be something more? Tufts Medicine’s Symptom Checker can help you find out what's causing your symptoms and help you get the right care.
